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Journal Name: Prometheus, Volume 10, Number 2, December 1992
Contents
Papers
Will the Souffle Rise? Australian Business Recipes in the New World Order
(No abstract available)
Appropriability and Public Support of R&D in Canada
by Petr Hanel and Kristian Palda
Abstract:
This paper investigates the extend to which considerations of inapproapriability, a form of market failure, guide federal support to private industrial R&D in Canada. Statistics of the overall allocation of subsidies between grants and tax credits show little evidence at an inappropriability rationale. Econometric analysis of grant distributions, using a recently proposed operational concept of inappropriability, supports this conclusion at an aggregate level, but gives different results when a particular grant program is probed.
Keywords:
Industrial research and development, inappropriability, grants, tax incentives
Science R&D and Implementation: Problems of Commercialising Scientific Achievement in Australia
by John Renner
Abstract:
Simply defined, implementation is the process of putting into practice something new to those attempting change. More accurately, however, from both a theoretical and practical perspective it is better described as a cluster of co-dependent processes involving knowledge acquisition, management and support, trialling, feedback and mutual adaptation. This paper considers the potential influence of scientists and technologists on implementation. It is argued that there is scope, even a responsibilities, for scientists to participate more fully in the productive cycle beyond R&D.
Keywords:
Implementation, innovation, feedback, mutual adaptation
Skill Based Automation: Current European Approaches and Their International Relevance
by Richard J. Badham
Abstract:
Within management, innovation and industrial relations literature worldwide there has been widespread debate over new emerging models of best practice production and their implications for global manufacturing. This has been particularly prominent in discussions of post-Fordist and lean production regimes. This paper extends this discussion beyond industrial relations and management debates and into the sphere of new approaches to production technology design and implementation. The paper provides an outline of the positive European challenge to lean production models provided by skill based design and automation principles and initiatives. The purpose of this paper is to assist the introduction of this orientation to a broader audience by summarizing its key components and discussing its international relevance.
Keywords:
Skill based, system design, human centred, anthropocentric, cell manufacturing, NC programming, production islands
The Contradictions of Progess: Reflections on the Hisotry of Science and the Disclosure of Development
(No abstract available)
The Impact of New Product Strategies of Australian Firms
by Larry Dwyer and Robert Mellor
Abstract:
The more information available regarding elements of successful product innovation strategies, the more able are the managers of Australian industry to meet the challenges and opportunities of the international marketplace. To provide some understanding of the new product strategies of Australian firms, research was undertaken to determine performance results achieved by 108 firms in their new product programs, to determine whether firms' performance results are linked to their new product strategies, and to analyze the implications for product innovation management. The results indicate the importance of types of products developed, types of markets sought, technological and production strategies and nature and orientation of the firms' new product programs as elements of successful product innovation management.
Keywords:
New product strategy, innovation management, Australian industry
Right Idea, Wrong Time: The Wisenet Science Shop 1988-1990
by Gabriele Bammer, Merrelyn Emery, Linda Gowing and Jennifer Rainforth
Abstract:
A science shop is an agency for the promotion of socially relevant research. It links members of the general community with researchers in the natural, social and other sciences. Australian's first science shop, the Wisenet Science Shop, opened in Canberra in February 1988. This report is a summary of its operation and achievements. Comparisons are made with science shops in Europe, particularly the well-documented Amsterdam Science Shop. The Wisenet Science Ship operated for more than a year on less than $20,000. Despite minimal publicity and promotion, it demonstrated that there is a demand in the community for this type of service and enthusiasm among researchers for the concept.
Keywords:
Science shop, community research, socially relevant research, science policy, Australia
Information, Communication and Telecommunications: A Pilot Study of Citizens
by Kirsty Williamson, Mark Balnaves and Peter Caputi
Abstract:
Information, communication and telecommunications are all important to the lives of citizens. This paper reviews the literature on the information seeking, communication and telecommunication behaviour of citizens and then reports on a pilot study to test empirical measures being developed by the Telecommunications Policy Research Group at RMIT. As a result of the pilot study, an information-communication continuum is proposed to overcome the problems of the definition of information and communication needs. There is also a suggestion that a distinction between purposeful information seeking and incidental information acquisition is required. The role of telecommunications in meeting information and communication needs is explored. Policy implications are included.
Keywords:
Information needs, communication needs, telecommunications needs, research methods, information policy, telecommunications policy
(This journal is available online: http://www.tandf.co.uk/online.html)
Posted with permission from the publisher.
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